Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE, Version(s): 2004, XM, & V8i Environment: N/A Area: report Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group Comments, Questions, and Answers for Support sub-report using Results Output Report in AutoPIPE Item#1, Question What is the difference between the support and the restraint output reports? There seems to be some overlap. Answer: For last 21 years AutoPIPE has had a Support and Restraint output report (yes there is some overlap), The Restraint report is the piping loads on supports and Anchors shown in Global axis system where as the Support forces report shows only piping loads on Supports but includes both local and global force/moments and displacements. Note, there is only support report on the StressISO which finds maximum loads from whichever non-code combination(s) is selected. Item#2, Question Why are membrane stresses from pipe supports not included in AutoPIPE? Background In addition to the general large scale pipe stresses calculated in AutoPIPE. there are local pipe membrane stresses produced by pipe supports acting on the pipe wall. The transfer of load from the pipe support surface to the pipe wall over a given contact area may produce substantial membranestresses. Another example is restraint of the thermal and internal pressure radial expansion. A pipe expandning within a full encirclement clamp support may again lead to substantial membrane stresses. Membrane stresses are a largely influenced by support type, support stiffness, and contact area. There is general lack of knowledge about membrane stressese that occur at supports within the pipe stress industry. Answer: In plane and out of plane membrane stresses may occur at a pipe support due to normal bearing action or due to friction between the pipe and support. A centerline model created using beam bending elements is not able to capture these effects. Hence, membrane stresses are not included in AutoPIPE centerline models. The effects of these membrane stresses may not be significant in small bore pipelines (D/t 100) which is the normal range of application of majority of piping codes. For large bore pipelines (D/t 100), these stresses can be significant and may lead to an un-conservative estimation of total stresses if they are not considered using FEA or Roark's formulae. Hence, it is important to account for these stresses using special methods like FEA or Roark's formulae. We plan to address this in future release of AutoPIPE by including ability to model local membrane effects using shell elements. User defined stress concentration factors may be used to model these effects in AutoPIPE which could give a close approximation to refined FEA analysis. We appreciate your suggestion and will consider adding a note or warning in our product documentation. By user defined stress concentration factors we meant Insert/Extra Data/ Joint Type and user SIF. This issue has been logged as a new enhancment, TFS-72841: Include an ability to model local membrane effects using shell elements for pipe supports, to be added to a future version of the application. See Also Bentley AutoPIPE External Links Bentley Technical Support KnowledgeBase Bentley LEARN Server Comments or Corrections? Bentley's Technical Support Group requests that you please submit any comments you have on this Wiki article to the "Comments" area below. THANK YOU!
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