Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE Vessel, Version(s): V8i Environment: N/A Area: Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group Comments, Questions, and Answers: Q1.  The code and gasket can be chosen but can't find the ring type flange from the drop down listing. this is a standard raised face ring type joint flange. where is it in the database does AutoPIPE Vessel calculates this type of flange and how to design them? Answer: For this type, you have to enter 2 flanges with “Tongue and Groove” female face detail. Please refer to the attached screenshot for reference.    Q2. How can one change the deflection and rotation limits on columns (top and trays) especially for optimization of column design? Answer. Please see this link: Column rotation Q3. How to add weight of packing to the Lifting case? A. Please see the following link: Adding weight of packing to the lifting weight See Also Bentley AutoPIPE External Links Bentley Technical Support KnowledgeBase Bentley LEARN Server Comments or Corrections? Bentley's Technical Support Group requests that you please submit any comments you have on this Wiki article to the "Comments" area below. THANK YOU!

Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE, Version(s): 2004, XM, & V8i Environment: N/A Area: License Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group Problem: From the user's report , user's name shows as ?????, and there also have some IP address shows there. 1. How to fix the user name, and let it shows correctly in Korean? 2. How to report all of the users as IP address ? Answer: The ????? appear to be coming from a problem in the SELECTserver Gateway. They were using a very old version of the gateway up until Feb 20, 2014. The 08.11.0.* version of the gateway had a problem with multi-byte names. It was later resolved. The solution it to ensure they are using the latest gateway. There is no way to change the existing entries. As for the IP Addresses, some products covered under the Bentley Passport will report the IP address when a user name is not available. Once again, looking at their version numbers it appears they are using all PRE-XM applications, Again, upgrading to the newer version of SELECTserver should resolve these issues.    See Also Bentley AutoPIPE External Links Bentley Technical Support KnowledgeBase Bentley LEARN Server Comments or Corrections? Bentley's Technical Support Group requests that you please submit any comments you have on this Wiki article to the "Comments" area below. THANK YOU!

Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE, Version(s): 2004, XM, & V8i Environment: N/A Area: Licensing Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group Comments, Questions, and Answers about Licensing AutoPIPE products Be sure to review the following document installed with AutoPIPE:           C:\ Bentley\ AutoPIPE V8i SELECTseries\ Quickstart_AutoPIPE.pdf           C:\ Bentley\ AutoPIPE V8i SELECTseries\ Documents\ Quickstart_AutoPIPE.pdf Or, see the following web page for a copy W2018-11, W2018-12, W2018-16: Not authorized for ???? edition , Revert to Demo mode Trust Licensing  -  AutoPIPE V8i 9.6 and higher User encounters a licensing error when attempting to open the program, but it runs fine for the administrator? Run application as ADMINISTRATOR, while logged in as a general user. Bentley has renewed my SELECT contract, how do I get my new license? Please see Renewal Process for All Licensing SELECTserver and Product Activation Wiki Understanding, Monitoring and Managing Licensing Usage and Overusage AutoPIPE licencing - Trial Mode: AS mentioned in AutoPIPE online help -  If Nuclear, Advanced, Standard, or KHK 2 Add On is selected and AutoPIPE can not find an authorized version, the user will be asked if they would like to use a trial license.  If the trial license has expired AutoPIPE will revert to demo mode. A trial license is available to allow full-feature access for a single 15-day period. The trial license can be activated only once per workstation . If the program is opened and a valid license is not available, the program will prompt the user with a choice to either activate the trial period (if available) or continue in Demo mode.  The number of days left for the trial period is shown every time the program is opened.  After the trial license expires, running the program without a valid license will display the message 'Your 15 day trial license has expired or it is not set up properly.' This trial mode will work on computer that does not have an internet connection and revert to demo mode after the 15-days has elapsed. How do I license AutoPIPE 6.1, 6.2, or 6.3? User not in office, has a license checked out to their systems, cannot get a pooled license.  How can I use the application? Who has an AutoPIPE license checked out? Understanding License Management Tool Activation Status TAB Client Check In and Out Instructions for XM and Higher [TN] Admin Check In and Out Instructions for XM and Higher [TN] Importing a Checked Out License (XML file) for XM and Higher [TN] AutoPIPE, Ram, and STAAD product ACTIVATION screen appears when I open the  program  or Appear to be stuck in Trial mode even if the license is available? How can I use AutoPIPE Stress ISO?   From the user's License report, user's name shows as ????? Training license: After signing up for an official Bentley training class, the teacher will contact the Bentley Institute to request training licenses for each class participants and then email them as needed. These are only temporary license that have a finite amount of time before the application will then revert to DEMO mode. If you are having problems with your Training license, contact the teacher of that class. They will be provide the the correct Server Name and Site Activation Key to enter into Bentley's License Management Tool to use the application during the class period.   After your training License has run out, please contact your account manager or Bentley Licensing department to add a specific license(s) to your account for continue usage of the application. See Also Bentley AutoPIPE External Links Bentley Technical Support KnowledgeBase Bentley LEARN Server Comments or Corrections? Bentley's Technical Support Group requests that you please submit any comments you have on this Wiki article to the "Comments" area below. THANK YOU!  

Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE, Version(s): 2004, XM, & V8i Environment: N/A Area: Enhancement Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group   The following enhancements have already been requested: CAE- CR-8732: Add total length of pipe to Extended Component Data Listing report Description: Add feature to display total pipe length for each PIPE ID and grand total pipe length data at the end of the Extended Data Listing report CAE-CR-992: Display displacements results in the local coordinate system Description:  Display displacements in the local coordinate system.  Corrected Version: TBD Avoidance: Using the results grids in conjunction with MS Excel it is possible to calculate the global / Local displacement between node points. .         See Also Bentley AutoPIPE External Links Bentley Technical Support KnowledgeBase Bentley LEARN Server Comments or Corrections? Bentley's Technical Support Group requests that you please submit any comments you have on this Wiki article to the "Comments" area below. THANK YOU!

Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE, Version(s): 2004, XM, & V8i Environment: N/A Area: Installation Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group Problem: Does AutoPIPE V8i rely on any external software like ActiveX, Java, Adobe Flash, dynamic link libraries etc. Answer: AutoPIPE V8i 09.06.and lower relies upon being able to read / write files to the default installation folder and the system's %TEMP% folder. The program does not rely on any external application not within the above folder to Open / Analyze / Report on a model created by the program. However, there are some tutorial (*.PDF) and DOS text files that AutoPIPE does not open and relies upon other applications (i.e. Adobe, notepad, etc..) to open for viewing purpose. The only feature that relies upon an external connection is an Help AutoPIPE News.. RSS News feed that is not essential to operating the program but for getting information that Bentley feels our user should know on a news broadcast basis.   Suggest that you review the "System Requirements" section of the  "readme_autopipe.htm" file installed with the program or visit the following web page for details: https://communities.bentley.com/products/pipe_stress_analysis/w/pipe_stress_analysis__wiki/6256.bentley-autopipe-release-notes.aspx See Also Bentley AutoPIPE External Links Bentley Technical Support KnowledgeBase Bentley LEARN Server Comments or Corrections? Bentley's Technical Support Group requests that you please submit any comments you have on this Wiki article to the "Comments" area below. THANK YOU!

Topics under the heading should be based on: Release notes, Hardware related issues, Download, Installer issues. Missing components, short cuts, user access rights etc.   Bentley AutoPIPE Release Notes How do I download, install, and license AutoPIPE? Installing AutoPIPE on an untested Operating System, (i.e. Win 8) Hardware Related Issues Performing a silent installation Install multiple versions of AutoPIPE on the same computer For AutoPIPE V8i 09.05.xx.xx and lower; install Bentley IEG First Reassociate AutoPIPE's DAT file extension to execute the program when double selected Installing and running AutoPIPE on a computer with MS Bitlocker AutoPIPE Preview Handler encountered an unexpected error - The error code is 2908 or Error:=1603   Does AutoPIPE V8i rely on any external software like ActiveX, Java, Adobe Flash, dynamic link libraries etc?

Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE, Version(s): 2004, XM, & V8i Environment: N/A Area: Modeling Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group Problem: What are some typical modeling approaches for different types of piping? Answer:  #1: Coated PIPE (ex. concrete encased steel pipe): There is no accurate way to simulate this analysis. In order to correctly account for the pipe & concrete stiffness, you would need outside program values for total pipe stiffness (pipe & coating),  OR, suggest to calculate an equivalent steel thickness by calculating the equivalent moment of inertia. Es*Ie = Es*Is + Ec*Ic Where Es, Ec stand for modulus of elasticity of steel and concrete respectively. Ie, Is and Ic are the equivalent moment of inertia, steel pipe inertia and concrete pipe coating inertia. The inertia can be approximated by Pi * R^3 * t R is the mean radius of the pipe or coating. Assume equivalent radius is same as steel radius and solve for equivalent thickness. You can recompute equivalent radius and solve again for new thickness. Please note you may use 1/2 or so (cannot recall exact number as neutral axis will move) of the concrete inertia as it will crack in tension. AutoPipe will give you stress in the equivalent steel pipe. You may need to evaluate the stress at most stress point by splitting the moment between pipe and coating proportional to their E*I. For example Ms = M * EsIs/EsIe and Mc = M* EcIc/EsIe And calculate stress for pipe and concrete using their actual diameter,thickness and material. So in conclusion, of modeling a concrete encased steel pipe, based on the information above: 1. Insert a pipe property 2. Combined Concrete / Steel Stiffness:       a. Set Pipe material = Ns (nonstandard)       b. Calculate / insert the pipe properties for the combined Concrete / Steel Pipe 3. Account for weight and correct size:       a. Set insulation thickness = XXX inches       b. Set Insulation material = Other       c. Set Insulation density = XXX lbs/cuft ( for concrete only).       d. Set Density = XXX lbs/cuft ( for steel only) Note: setting the correct insulation thickness, insulation density, and pipe density will accurately account for the weight and outside dia of the combined pipe/ concrete for the wind / wave / current loading. 4. Because the material is set to NS, update the data on the Press / Temp/ PipeID tab.       a. Calculate and insert the expansion coeff, hot mod, and hot allowable based on the combined            concrete / steel pipe. Notes: 1. Take care not to double up on insulation/lining density and pipe density 2.   Similar approach may be used here to come up with an equivalent modulus for the modeling pipe with Fins: . However, additional pipe properties must be changed to account for the fin weight and added area affected by the wind. Recommend using Insulation settings, but be careful with the correct equivalency calculation.  #2. Corroded PIpe or Spot corrosion?: Question: Does AutoPIPE offer a function or upgrade that will analyze corroded pipe with the following user information: a. Corrosion network sizes b. Longitudinal and rotational positions c. Minimum wall thickness at pit depths Answer: The following enhancement has been logged: CAE-CR-10121 , Add ASME B31G: Remaining Strength of Corroded pipeline.  #3. Corrugated Straight pipe There are 3 options to choose from: A. Apply a special pipe id to the length of corrugated piping changing that pipe id's Pipe material to NS (NonStandard), update pipe properties using equivalent stiffness values in Long Modulus, Hoop Modulus, and shear Modulus; adjusting other pipe properties as needed. B. Place back to back Flexible joints over the length of straight pipe using the correct stiffness values. C. Insert back to back bends over the length of straight pipe, for example 10/1000 angle at each bend, but ending with straight end connections. In the model input grid change the bend's Flexibility Factor from Automatic to the correct value.         Note: there has been no official testing done using option C, but appears to work in theory  #4 Jacketed Piping Please see the following AutoPIPE help section:  Help Contents Contents Tab Modeling Approaches Modeling Approaches Pipes Jacketed Pipe First create the carrier pipe with locations of all spider supports along the inside of the jacket piping. Then easily create the Jacket by using the graphical Select and Copy / Paste functions. Select the range of carrier pipe including valves, flanges, reducers etc and paste the coped selection with a small offset ( remember - no 2 node points should be in the exact same point, small offset). This modeling technique is covered in advanced training. Notes : a. Carrier pipe and jacket modeled as two separate segments with different pipe identifiers e.g. Jacket6 and carrier8 b. Segments may be made of different materials and have different operating conditions c. Carrier pipe is supported by the jacket at regular intervals using spacers (spider support) and at flanged ends. d. Spacers are modeled as two point supports e.g. guide between a carrier segment point and a jacket segment point. e. If both carrier and jacket are liquid filled with the same liquid then adjust jacket SG accordingly, while setting the carrier piping SG = 0.000 over the length of jacket piping. The model would bo double counting weight of contents if both pipes SG were entered. f. Remember to only apply hydrodynamic (e.g. submerged piping), wind, and insulation only to jacket. g. Ideally suited for graphical copy/paste operations h. New segment cannot be inserted at the start of a 2 point component like a valve. New segment at end of the valve is ok therefore need to insert small run point before the valve to connect the jacket segment. i. Be sure to check any interference between inner and outer jacket. AutoPIPE does not perform clash detection. Recommend export model to Bentley Navigator. j. Consider taking an official AutoPIPE training class, this is covered in the class with extra documentation. i. For underground jacketed pipe, apply soil properties to the Jacket (outside) pipe only, the carrier pipe inside of the jacket is supported by spacers, not soil. Again, confirm soil properties are only applied to the outside pipe for the length of jacketed piping underground.   k. Recommend setting pipe graphics to be transparent, View Transparency toggle the check box ON for Pipe, and press OK button. View model is solid model view, similar to screen shot above. L. Model multiple carrier pipes using the same technique as shown above, connecting all carrier pipe supports to the same node point on the jacketed pipe.       #5 Large Bore Piping: Question: Are there any problems analyzing big diameter pipe systems? It was indicated that some issues with regards to Caesar's analysis of big diameter pipe analysis? Answer: This is a long standing issue with the Piping codes and this question comes up often. Basically the piping codes only supports SIF calculations for D/t 100, hence large diameter pipes fall outside this limit.  Caesar prints a warning when this occurs and AutoPIPE will be doing the same in v9.1. We recommend for users to perform a local stress analysis (i.e. FEA) at these connections to determine a more accurate SIF and flexibility factors to enter back into the Pipestress model. Note:  Some WRC  standards are also available to calculate SIF's e.g. for Trunnion elbows #6. Can AutoPipe handle 12 to 30 foot diameter welded steel pipes with internal veins? Mostly for steam flow… Answer: Yes, AutoPIPE can be trusted to model large diameter piping systems as long as it does not exceed the code requirements. However, when D/T 100, AutoPIPE can be used to provide the correct forces, moments, and displacements in the piping system by applying these user-defined SIF and flexibility factors. Care should be taken with such systems as they are susceptible to ovaling and denting and that should be considered while lifting or supporting the pipes. Modeling, an equivalent pipe section with same section modulus for this large pipe with stiffeners could be calculated. Then adjust the density of pipe to get the equivalent weight of stiffened pipe when selecting a non-standard material (NS).   #7. Rigid Pipe Element with "ZERO" Mass (Pipe & Water S.G.=0) Answer: Select a range of pipe, press Insert Rigid options over Range uncheck "Include Weight" and user choice to consider "Include Thermal Expansion".  #8. Pipe Lining: Question: what is the best way to model material on the ID of pipes.  Answer : The cladding mentioned in the pipe properties grid is referring to application on the outer most diameter of insulation.  On the pipe properties dialog, enter as lining thickness. Please note that lining is an added weight only and would not contribute the pipe stiffness. If this lining increases the stiffness, then a modified pipe modulus may be entered by computing an equivalent modulus that would give that same EI   Ee*Is=Es*Is+Ec*Ic   This will give correct bending stiffness by using Ee instead of Es in AutoPIPE. Axial stiffness will be approximate. s=steel, c=CRA. Is=steel moment of inertia. #9. How to model NFPA pipe? Does AutoPIPE have Fire Protection Requirement capabilities? Answer: NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) codes provide specific details about design, construction, operation, and maintenance of piping systems for fire protection. To answer these questions, at this point AutoPIPE does not have a specific NFPA piping code. However, NFPA codes typically refers to the appropriate ASME design code which AutoPIPE may already have. Please review your NFPA code for stress analysis requirements. If AutoPIPE was found to contain the correct Piping Code specified by NFPA, then model the piping system in AutoPIPE as required. #10. Can you analyze tubing, i.e. small dia [ex. 1/2" (13mm)]?  Answer: Yes, AutoPIPE has been used in development of tubing systems by our many users. From the AutoPIPE online help: Standard Pipe Cross Sections - ANSI/ASME Library. This library of pipe cross sections pertains to the ANSI/ASME codes B36.10M and B36.19M (1985).  They are contained in the file AUTOPIPE.LIB. Pipe sizes from 1/8 (.405") OD with 0.049" wall thk, up to 36" sch 40 wall thk. Copper Tubing Type L (ASTM B88 Refrigeration piping), pipe sizes from 1/4 (.375") OD with 0.030" wall thk up to 3" (3.125") OD with 0.090" wall thk   #11. My pipe size and material is not available in AutoPIPE libraries. What options do I have? Answer: A. Pipe size options: AutoPIPE can model almost any size pipe used in most typical piping system built today. for a complete list of pipe sizes available in AutoPIPE, please see the following AutoPIPE help section: Help Contents Contents Tab Reference Information  Libraries  Standard Pipe Cross Sections 1. If you need to specify a pipe that is not currently in the library, perform the following: open the pipe properties dialog screen in a model, place cursor in the " Nominal Diameter " field and press F1 keyboard key. This will display the help for this field, there are instructions on how to enter in your Non-Standard (NS) pipe size.  2. If you like the pipe size added to a customize library file, please log a service ticket requesting information about creating a  Component Library file. B. Pipe Material options: select this link for informaiton to address this issue #12. How can I model a pipe that is supported over its all length on an open trench or gutter Answer: From AtuoPIPE Forum: I am assuming from open trench or gutter, you mean the pipe is only supported at its base, or is only semi-embedded. The response below is based on this assumption.   This is one of the planned features for AutoPIPE to provide the user with functionality to be able to define friction properties (Horizontal and longitudinal) for a pipe resting on ground. For an alternate workflow, the following options may be considered: Option 1: The Buried pipe option can be used to model semi-embedded (debris builds up on the sides of the pipe over time) or non-embedded piping. The difficulty is calculating a transverse horizontal (lateral) and longitudinal soil stiffness. a) The vertical up soil stiffness K1, P1 and K2 can be taken as 0.   b) The transverse horizontal K1 and P1 is usually taken as low values.  Higher if semi-embedded pipe is anticipated.   c) Transverse vertical down K1 and p1 can be calculated as non-zero with H=0 d) The longitudinal K1 and P1 would go to zero with Z=0 but there may be an alternative equation in some textbook which would calculate a non-zero longitudinal K1 and P1 although I suspect it would be a low value since only line contact of soil with the pipe is assumed.   You may wish to enter some non-zero K1 and P1 values to evaluate the longitudinal frictional stiffness effect back on the pipe system.  It is recommend to set all final stiffness, K2 = 0.1 lb/in/ft (0.006Kg/m/mm) to avoid convergence problems. Option #2 An alternative may be to provide V-stop supports with a friction coefficient defined.       See Also Bentley AutoPIPE External Links Bentley Technical Support KnowledgeBase Bentley LEARN Server Comments or Corrections? Bentley's Technical Support Group requests that you please submit any comments you have on this Wiki article to the "Comments" area below. THANK YOU!   You may find some interesting scenarios on our Pipe Stress Wiki:   https://communities.bentley.com/products/pipe_stress_analysis/w/pipe_stress_analysis__wiki/8058.model-different-types-of-piping-in-autopipe.aspx   The example scenarios have information on how to calculate the equivalent modulus for say pipe enclosed in concrete or pipe with lining that increases stiffness of the pipe. Similar approach may be used here to come up with an equivalent modulus for the pipe.

Sorry, I forgot to specify one important thing; sustained stress for FULLY RESTRAINED CONDITION. For unrestrained condition equations and results are clear but I was not able to find anything about fully restrained condition. Thank, Ball

License resetting

Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE, Version(s): 2004, XM, & V8i Environment: N/A Area: Import Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group Comments, Questions, and Answers about Import / Export CAESAR (cii) or Areva PDMS (cii) files with AutoPIPE   Import / Export CEASAR (cii) file  - AutoPIPE AutoPIPE vs CAESAR load combinations C-Node or Connecting Nodes in Caesar Compare AutoPIPE Input Grids with Caesar Spreadsheets  

      Applies To        Product(s): AutoPIPE Vessel   Version(s):   Environment:  N/A   Area:    Subarea:  N/A   Original Author: Sudip Ganguly, Bentley Technical Support Group                   1. Problem Description Why do I get the  error message "the results file cannot be written to" when I run the "strength calculations"? Reason It is probably because a report generated from a previous run is already open. Solution Close the report (the word document) that is already open and try running "strength calculations" again.   2. Problem Description I have selected APVessel as the design standard for bracket but the program is crashing, how do I resolve this issue? Reason The issue has been acknowledged and is under investigation. It will be fixed in future release of AutoPIPE Vessel. Solution Currently there is a workaround for this problem. Please see the following link for the solution: http://communities.bentley.com/products/pipe_stress_analysis/m/pipe_stress_analysis_gallery/269463.aspx   1. Problem Description How to resolve the following error message? “Design code required isn’t part of your license”   Solution Please see the following link: License resetting  

Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE, Version(s): 2004, XM, & V8i Environment: N/A Area: Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group Comments, Questions, and Answers Items #1: In the end both AutoPIPE and CAESAR perform the same task of providing the user with stress analysis results based on load cases applied to a gemometric model of a piping system. However, there is a funadmental difference between both applications on how load combinations are combined. The following will provide insight into AutoPIPE's appraoch vs CAESAR's: First, please read the following document installed with AutoPIPE: C:\ Bentley\ AutoPIPE V8i SELECTseries\ Load_Sequencing.pdf OR, serach your hard drive for "Load_Sequencing.pdf" As you have read in the above document, one of the major fundamental differences between AutoPIPE and CAESAR, is load sequence verses load vector superposition. This is clearly shown on the first and very last page (Summary) of this document. Refering to the last page of the document, results can differ for calculating individual load cases (ex.  E1) by using superposition (ex. [C-B]).  If you consider the following example: L1            W+P1+T1(OPE) – equivalent to AutoPIPE  GRT1P1 L2            W+P1(SUS) – equivalent to AutoPIPE GR + Max P L3            T1 (EXP) – thermal only, no mass etc, intermediate step for calculating hot sustained (L5) – no AutoPIPE equivalent L4            L1-L2(EXP) – equivalent to the AutoPIPE T1 case L5            L1-L3(SUS) – Hot sustained Note that both L1 and L2 are operating conditions, and L4 is CAESAR's superposition method of adding load vectors to achieve an individual load case T1. Whereas in AutoPIPE, T1 is an individual load case added in a load sequence to correctly calculate the operating conditions. Furthermore, understand that CAESAR needs intermediate equations like L3 to calculate equations like L5 - hot sustained. However, as you now know AutoPIPE load sequence approach does not need intermediate equations like that found in CAESAR. Thus reducing the complexity of load combinations and length of output report. In addition, what is the difference between L2 and L5, where: L2 = W+P1 L5 = L1-L3 =  (W+P1+T1) - T1  = W+P1 Appears that L2 = L5. Furthermore, what is the difference between L3 and L4, where: L3 = T1 L4 = (W+P1+T1) – (W+P1) = T1 Appears that L3 = L4. In conclusion, AutoPIPE has more advanced non-linear analysis engine with load sequencing and as a result users can expect more accurate non-linear results than from other programs. If one must compare an AutoPIPE model with CAESAR, highly recommend comparing true operating conditions (ex. L1 to GRT1P1, L2 to GR+MaxP) instead of all the individual load case (ex. L3 &  L4 to T1) as the fundamental different approach of adding vectors / load cases use by the two programs may present dissimilar results for individual load cases and respective combinations where such individual load cases are used. One final note, be sure that all of AutoPIPE's Tools Model Options General, Edit, & Results settings match CAESAR's settings.  Item #2: CAESAR CII has a ‘H’ load variable which represents the hanger pre-loads…AutoPIPE doesn’t seem to have a hanger variable…does AutoPIPE somehow automatically incorporate the hanger pre-loads? Answer: When inserting a typical variable spring in AutoPIPE the user is asked to enter 3 key values: Cold Load, Spring rate, and number of hangers. These values are considered during the analysis.  Otherwise, the user can specify that the program correctly size the spring based on load and movement of the node point on the pipe. See online help for " Hanger Selection Procedure" in AutoPIPE.  Item #3: CAESAR has a ‘D1’ load variable which represents the inclusion of a user-specified displacement….does AutoPIPE incorporate something similar? Answer: Yes, Insert Xtra-Data  Imposed Support Displacement, see online help for complete details on this AutoPIPE option.  Item #4: CAESAR has a ‘F1’ load variable which represents the inclusion of a user-specified external force…does AutoPIPE incorporate something similar? Answer: Yes, Insert Xtra-Data  Concentrated Force, see online help for complete details on this AutoPIPE option.  See Also Bentley AutoPIPE External Links Bentley Technical Support KnowledgeBase Bentley LEARN Server Comments or Corrections? Bentley's Technical Support Group requests that you please submit any comments you have on this Wiki article to the "Comments" area below. THANK YOU!

Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE, Version(s): 2004, XM, & V8i Environment: N/A Area: Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group The "Code Compliance" grid displays the combination set defined for piping code compliance (both the default combinations and user-defined sets). Any default code combination may be modified, deleted or reset and any new user combination created and modified in the same grid. User Code Combinations dialog Comments, Questions, & Answers: Item #1 I wish to define the allowable hoop and longitudinal stresses for a user code combination that i have set up. Answer: Per the online help: The Allowable Stress field on the "Code Comb." tab of the Load Combinations dialog enables the user to define the allowable stress for any Code Compliance combination directly. Select Tools Combinations Code Comb. TAB, uncheck  and modify the values in the Allowable Stress column. Notes: This field is only enabled when the "Auto Update" check box option is disabled (checked OFF). Item #2: What is the M/S column for? Answer: under construction Item #3: When creating a new User defined combination on the Code Comb tab, is the order of the load cases / combinations of any consequence? Answer: Press the NEW button to create a new user code combination. This will display the following dialog screen: Where the user can add up to 10 load cases and combinations to create a new combination. There is NO consequences to order of load cases like that used with a Non-linear analysis.      Item#4: Per AutoPIPE's online help for ASME B31.3 - 2008, Stresses Due to Occasional Loads, equation I.4-4 indicates that AutoPIPE first calculates the SRSS of the occasional load moments, and adds the result to SL .  How does AutoPIPE know which of the loads in the “User Code Combination” window is to be considered an Occasional Load(s)? as I want to combine the effects of (SUS) + Wind + Ice load in a new user combination where "U1" load case is a Sustained Load and I only want "W1" load case to be an Occasional Load used in the calculation of Mio and Moo in the equation.  How can I control this? Answer: As mentioned above, all basic load cases, e.g. GR, T1, W1, U1 etc have only moment results and hence (S) does not apply. Suggest creating a new combinations where the ice load (U1) is added to the SUS  load case: Then create a combination combining the effects of (SUS+Ice) + Wind:   Where the stresses  (Sus and Ice) are added into the equation under S and the occasional W1 moments are summed by SRSS in the code equations:        Item #5: Are predefined stress category maximums [i.e. (LONG), (Sus), (exp), (0cc), (hoop) ] calculated across all analysis set regardless of load cases turned ON / OFF in any one analysis set? Answer : The short answer is, YES. It is based on all load cases configured in the model. However, there is a way to force the program to utilize a specific load case for calculating the predefined stress category maximums [i.e. (long) ] for each analysis set. Please see the NOTES written on the following AutoPIPE help section: Help Contents Search Tab enter " Case/Combination List (Standard)" (include the quotes), press List Topics button, double click on the selected topic from the list provided to see more information. Note: A. To become more comfortable with user combinations, create example model(s) with one or more analysis sets with one or more "Number of operating load conditions" in each analysis set. Review the results from the different model s to understand specific user combinations. May need to create a user combination with only 1 load case to see what results are being used by the program. Example, code Combination name = long, see image below:       B. If pressure extension analysis is turned on, and the result model option "Include axial, Pcase in Sus" is also turned on, then the forces and moments from pressure case shall be incorporated while calculating sustained stress.   Item #6: Advise how to get the range of T1, T2, T3, ...,Tn  thermal load cases. The option RANGE is missing from actual AutoPIPE Capabilities (Combination Method). Answer: From the online help: The program will automatically create a special code combination called "Max Range" that stores the results of the maximum thermal range stress case, e.g. T1 to T3, including thermal ranges from ambient temperature, e.g. Amb to T1. This option is useful when the maximum expansion stress due to thermal range loadings only is required rather than generating every thermal range code combinations explicitly. In order to see all the thermal ranges, select "Tools Model Options Results "No. of thermal ranges" option (see image below). In addition see online help for details on these options. After the settings are enabled with the correct number of thermal cases, these load combinations will be available for inclusion into other combinations as required.     See Also Bentley AutoPIPE External Links Bentley Technical Support KnowledgeBase Bentley LEARN Server Comments or Corrections? Bentley's Technical Support Group requests that you please submit any comments you have on this Wiki article to the "Comments" area below. THANK YOU!

Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE, Version(s): 2004, XM, & V8i Environment: N/A Area: settings Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group Problem: AutoPIPE shows a code combination labeled ‘Max Range’ as an expansion case…what is this? Answer: Answer:  From the online help: The program will automatically create a special code combination called "Max Range" that stores the results of the maximum thermal range stress case, e.g. T1 to T3, including thermal ranges from ambient temperature, e.g. Amb to T1. This option is useful when the maximum expansion stress due to thermal range loadings only is required rather than generating every thermal range code combinations explicitly. In order to see all the thermal ranges, select "Tools Model Options Results "No. of thermal ranges" option (see image below). In addition see online help for details on these options. After the settings are enabled with the correct number of thermal cases, these load combinations will be available for inclusion into other combinations as required.     See Also Bentley AutoPIPE External Links Bentley Technical Support KnowledgeBase Bentley LEARN Server Comments or Corrections? Bentley's Technical Support Group requests that you please submit any comments you have on this Wiki article to the "Comments" area below. THANK YOU!

Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE, Version(s): 2004, XM, & V8i Environment: N/A Area: Settings Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group Select the link below for Q&A on the following Tools Model Options Results settings in AutoPIPE: Tools Model Options Result: Format (Node/Combin) Displacement Scale Force (Global/Local) Range reduction factor Include axial force Weld efficiency factor Overwrite output file Y Factor Use nominal thickness Design factor F Use nom. thk. for Hoop Temperature derating factor Set SUS SIF =1 no bends Design Pressure factor Single SIF at point Minimum Stress Ratio Set Sus/Occ SIF = 1 Hoop safety factor Set Sus/Occ = 0.75i Long. safety factor Include torsion Shear allowable factor Single SIF at tees Total allowable factor Apply all K-factors Interm. stress points Include results desc No. of thermal ranges Include bend ovaling Include Max Range comb Include hoop bending Include Axial,Pcase in Sustained Direct Shear (N/R/A) Use Alt Occ Allowable Total stress(Oct/Max) Apply circ w factor Use code case 178 Use theoretical Sec Mod Apply modulus ratio Long. Pressure (P/A/M/N) Apply tee summation Show rigid tee stress Sustain Margin (Y/N/E)   Use min. sustained margin   Use g's for acceleration   Digits after decimal     Additional Fields for B31.3 2010 edition. Set Occasional SIF=0.75i Additional Fields for B31.4 Offshore and B31.8 Offshore. Hoop Design Factor - F1 Long. Design Factor - F2 Combined Dsgn Factor - F3 Additional Fields for CSA-Z662 Offshore. Func. Design Factor - F1 Func+Env Dsgn Factor - F2 Additional Fields for SNiP 2.05.06-85 Oil & Gas. Use Axial in Hoop Allow Additional Fields for EN13480 European code. Use min(f;fcr) for Hoop Additional Fields for ISO 14692 Set Hoop SIF = 1 (bends) Sustained Factor-f2 Sus.+Thermal Factor-f2 Occasional Factor-f2     See Also Bentley AutoPIPE External Links Bentley Technical Support KnowledgeBase Bentley LEARN Server Comments or Corrections? Bentley's Technical Support Group requests that you please submit any comments you have on this Wiki article to the "Comments" area below. THANK YOU!

Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE, Version(s): 2004, XM, & V8i Environment: N/A Area: Interface Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group Note: detailed information about AutoPIPE's interface can be found in the following file with the program: C:\ Bentley\ AutoPIPE V8i SELECTseries\ apdoc.pdf INTERFACE: The AutoPIPE interface is designed to simplify the task of creating, modifying, and reviewing models of any complexity. Take some time to familiarize yourself with AutoPIPE’s interface by examining the areas of the screen annotated below. Note: the units for any dialog field entry is always located in the lower right hand corner of the application screen, as shown above. If this field is blank, the unit value is dimensionless. The displayed units are dependent upon the specified library located underTools Model Options General Units file name - Input: / Output. ENTERING DATA INTO DIALOG SCREENS: One of the main interfaces in AutoPIPE is by entering data into many of the programs dialog screens. These dialog screens are dynamically interactive; meaning that there is a specific order in which the dialog expects data to be entered, this sequence of data / options selected / check boxes may convert subsequent dependent fields to be Greyed-out / Close or become Un-greyed / Open to allow a user to enter data. The best method for interfacing with any of AutoPIPE's dialog screens is by using the Keyboard "Tab" key.  When a dialog screen appears, press TAB key to progress through the pre-determined sequence of field selection; when on a specific field, enter data as required. This will ensure that the program is getting the correct information in an order to dynamically adjust the dialog based on the selection / check boxes  / data entered. If you encounter a problem on a dialog, please log a service request using the following procedure .   KEYBOARD EQUIVALENTS: As you begin creating a model, you’ll soon become familiar with AutoPIPE’s use of dialogs to gather information from the user. Although the mouse can be used to navigate through the fields of a dialog, many users prefer the keyboard alternatives. Refer to the table below.   UNDERSTANDING THE ACTIVE POINT: After defining and inserting a segment, you’ll notice that a small cross-hair appears in the drawing area. This cross-hair represents the currently active point. The active point is also displayed in the status area immediately below the drawing area (see image above). When placing components, you should remain aware of the active point. After selecting a component type for insertion, AutoPIPE will automatically assume that you want the starting point of the component to be inserted at the active point. By default, AutoPIPE will increment the point to the next value and concatenate this with the letter that defines the current segment. For example, if you are inserting a run point on Segment A that contains nothing but an anchor point, the Run Point dialog will contain the value A01 in the Name of Point field. MODIFICATION OF PIPING GEOMETRY: It is not necessary for a piping system to be defined completely in a single AutoPIPE session, because AutoPIPE allows a wide variety of additions, deletions, and changes to be made. In particular: 1. New segments can be added at any time. 2. Previously defined segments can be extended at any time. 3. Existing segments can be modified, or can be deleted and replaced. 4. A complete system, or sections of a system, can be copied within the same job or between separate jobs with automatic renumbering. 5. Components can be inserted, deleted, or modified at any time. EXECUTING A COMMAND: Commands can be executed in one of three ways: .. Click on one of the buttons in a toolbar. .. Select a command from the menu system .. Key-in the command. The hotkey for each command is underlined in the menu system. As an example, to insert a bend, simply type I to go into insert mode, then B . The key-in command option requires memorization of certain hotkeys, but is an extremely efficient method of input. See Apdoc.PDF indicated above for more valuable information.   Segments: The model is divided into Segments which is helpful to identify and select different parts of the model. Typically, a new segment means a new branch. Segments have a direction - learn this. It is critical for insertion of points, and for interpretation of output results. Also, using View/Segment menu, users can turn on and off segments for viewing and making changes to the model. Using the Select Segment icon, users can select by segment. Segment modeling tips to minimize the total number of segments and facilitate making modifications later. NOTE : A header, where possible should be coded as one segment. All branches should be separate unique continuous segments and avoid coding the same segment through the header to the branch or vice-versa. Unique segments should be coded from Tee to Tee or Equipment anchor to Tee or Anchor to Anchor or Manifold header Start to End. Avoid junction points i.e. 2 connecting segments in a straight pipe run.   Pipe Identifiers: A segment can be made up of multiple pipe identifiers where a pipe identifier contains all the properties of the pipe for example; pipe size, schedule, insulation, material etc. Therefore to change a property like pipe material use Modify properties of pipe identifier. To define completely different properties of a section of the model like new pipe size, use Select Range (selected points = highlighted RED) then use Modify Pipe Properties Over Range... , an existing pipe identifier can be selected from the drop-down list or ENTER a new 8 character name. Inserting An Intermediate Point Or Multiple Points Between Existing Points: Click once on the point either before or after where you want to insert. TC Click the "Pipe Run" icon. NOTES: The Pipe run icon has a field for "Generate Points" (see below). Type the number of intermediate points and length (a default length will be shown e.g. 1 point = midpoint between 2 existing run points) between them if more than 1. You can add a single point or multiple points either After (After is default) or Before an existing point. Before and After refers to the segment direction which the model is built. HINT : Very useful for quickly creating equally spanned support points on a pipe rack.   Changing Offset Lengths: If you check the box "Apply offset to all following points", it will do exactly that. For example; if change the offset from 3 to 10 then all downstream points move the same change in offset = 7. If you don't check this option, it "slides" the point without changing the overall length of the system. Try clicking on a run point and changing offsets both ways to see for yourself. See screen below: HINT : This function is also available from the right click menu in the Point Input grid.   Zoom: The fastest way to zoom is to create a box window by holding down left mouse key and dragging over the area to be zoomed, then right mouse click once to zoom. This is way faster than having to click on the zoom icon each time. NOTES : Use dynamic zoom by right mouse click once to change the cursor from Pan (hand) to Zoom (magnifying glass) to Rotate. Also use the mouse scroll wheel for fast dynamic zoom on the mouse cursor. Also Zoom topic above. Like CAD - 4 or 2 or 1 viewport can have different zoom settings which are saved when the model is closed. So when model is opened again - screen settings are at the same location as when the session was closed.   Navigating: For navigating on the graphics model itself to go from point to point, use mouse clicks or use the arrow keys to navigate through the model . Arrow keys are often faster than mouse clicking. For dialog screens, use the tab key to progress to the next field, Shift Tab to go back to a previous field, or mouse click to go to any desired field. To close a dialog, it's usually faster to press the Enter key instead of mouse clicking the OK box.   To Check Model Connectivity: Use the left and right keyboard arrow keys to move the cursor along the pipe from point to point. If the cursor stops but looks like more piping then use the up/down arrow keys to ‘jump' to the next segment (segment name changes at bottom right corner) while the point name stays the same. If the cursor does not jump to the next segment then this point is a ‘free' end point and disconnected from the remaining model. At a tee point use the up/down arrow keys to ‘jump' to the branch or header segment - the tee arrows will highlight red to indicate whether the cursor is on the branch or header side. NOTE: A tee point may have 2 or 3 segments intersecting it. HINT: Use AutoPIPE's V8i new Connectivity Checker, which will scan the model and check for points within a node tolerance that are not connected along a segment.     In addition, AutoPIPE V8i 9.4 and higher added a new feature under Select Connected Segments See Online help for details on this feature.   Selection Sets: Not available in other Pipe Stress programs. Just as with Microsoft Word or other windows applications, you first ‘select' what needs to be modified, then they modify it. Modifications are the same in AutoPIPE. With AutoPIPE, there a number of ways to select ranges: click on one end, then hold shift key down and click on the other end. The Select Segment tool allows you to select by segment The Select menu allows you to select by component (for example, select only flange points, or flex joints). Select single points using the Ctrl key. Selection sets can also be used for inserting or deleting across ranges of points or components. Examples: Paste across ranges, insert or delete supports across range, insert User SIF for all bends or Tees, Insert soil or distributed loads across range or modify temperature & pressure for range. Selection sets are very important in using AutoPIPE. HINT : If you don't understand selection sets, you're not efficiently using AutoPIPE. Use the Shift key to select multiple, continuous points. Use the CTRL key to select multiple, non-continuous points: AutoPIPE allows you to select Ranges or Component Groups and apply Loads, Supports, Soil, and many kinds of data to those selections, instead of having to simply modify one element at a time.   View Color Plot or Other Information on the Model Graphics.... AutoPIPE V8i 9.4 and Lower: AutoPIPE enables users to graphically view the model by Pipe diameter, schedule, wall thickness, pipe material, Pipe identifier, etc. There is also the option to filter using Boolean logic (e.g view all 6" and schedule 40 pipe in the model). Check this feature out as it is very useful for checking and verifying input. Select View Show Pipe Properites ... Specify the pipe criteria. The viewport is given a legend with the pipes displayed. AutoPIPE V8i 9.5 and higher The new feature enables the user view a color plot or pop-up information in a multitude of different styles: Properties: Point Names, Beam Names, Point Symbol, Length, Support Tag Components : Valve, Flange, Tee Xtra Data: Weight, Concentrated Forces, Imposed Displacements, Thermal Anchor Movements, Joint Type, User Weld Efficiency Factor, Point Static Earth Quake Factor, Reference Point, Gross Discontinuity [available ASME NB code only] Color Plot: Design Temperature [available ASME NB/NC/ND codes only], Design Pressure [available ASME NB/NC/ND codes only], Operating Temperature, Operating Pressure, Delta T1 [available ASME NB code only], Delta T2 [available ASME NB code only], Hydrodynamic Data, Member Static Earth Quake Factor, Pipes with Rigid Options, Soil Properties, Pipe Insulation, Center of Gravity, Segments Pipe Properties: Pipe Identifier, Material, Schedule, Nominal Diameter, Actual OD, Thickness, Corrosion, Insulation Thickness, Clad Thickness, Filter Pipe Properties Show Connected Segments: Select this TAB to toggle on/off the display of all or individual segment groups. Attention: see online help for details on this feature. If you are experiencing difficulty viewing color plots, you can change contrasting legends on-the-fly. Simply double-click an legend color to dynamically change it.   Point Properties/Global Coordinates Tool: Select any point of interest. Click the View Point Properties  Global Coordinates  tool (Shortcut Key: F3) The Point Properties dialog appears. This dialog is dynamically updated if a different point is selected in the main window. Try it, it's useful to check pipe properties, temperatures/pressures, and global coordinates on a given point. By clicking on different points, this screen stays up, and users can quickly check their model.   Keyboard Hot Keys - Very Useful & FAST!!! AutoPIPE's menus have one letter underlined. The Insert menu, for example is probably, the most useful. By typing I then R you insert a run, I B = insert bend, I V = insert valve. After inputting your data, it's always faster pressing the Enter key instead of clicking OK. Another useful hot key is Ctrl T to graphically view temperatures.   Modifying A Point Where There Exists Multiple Components Even a support point has both a run point and a support at the same point. First, left mouse click once on the point you want to modify to make it the ‘active' point. Next, right mouse click on the toolbar icon button of the component you wish to modify. For example, if you want to modify run point location to "slide" the support location, right mouse click over pipe run toolbar icon to change offsets. To modify a support, right mouse click over the toolbar support icon. Alternatively, to modify supports, double-click on the end of the support symbol itself on the graphics model. NOTES : If 2 or more supports at one point then if it is difficult to double click on the support then click on the point then use Ctrl + Q (clear all selected points), use modify/support and a drop down list will appear with all the supports at the current point. Alternatively modify the support using the support grid. Similarly to delete a component, click on it to highlight RED then press the Delete key or click on the delete toolbar icon    Save And Reuse Common Piping And Support Configurations Between Jobs Use AutoPIPE's graphical copy/paste capabilities to store commonly used pipe configurations (pump stations for different services, for example, or common vessel configurations) or complicated expansion joints or commonly used support structures using AutoPIPE's beam/frame elements. Just copy & paste from one job to another. NOTE : The models must be in the same directory. Open 2 side by side sessions of AutoPIPE then copy/paste from one model to the other OR into the same model. This is one of the most powerful features in AutoPIPE. Define all the pipe identifiers for a project for the different pipe sizes, insulation, corrosion and material in one template model then use this to start a new model using already the already pre-defined pipe properties. Do not have to redefine these pipe properties again saving time and mistakes. Using Copy/paste + Move command are powerful tools to template and recreate similar identical plant configurations from one project to the next.   Working on Large Models - Filter nodes for viewing Avoid time in finding and scrolling through lots of data for large models. Use the View Segment command (Pre V8i) to select and isolate a few segments to work on, troubleshoot and/or display results for. NOTE : View Segments or View Show all components will display all segments again     Isolate and Show On-screen results for Segment B only V8i Edition or later use new one-click toolbar icons to show/hide selected or unselected Segment. Isolate segments for editing and viewing results in large models. Menu Equivalent: Edit  Segments  Hide Selected / Hide Unselected / Show All Procedure: Select segment(s), press respective icon button on toolbar or use menu equivalent.    Use Tee Grid as SIF Calculator What Tee types will give a satisfactory stress? - Use Tee Grid as SIF calculator to make a quick check.    Renumbering of Point Names Renumber either by Segment or across the complete model using following menu (Toolbar icon also available): Select Edit Renumber Segment... to renumber a single Segment or Edit Renumber All Points to renumber the entire model If Segments was selected, a dialog appears for selecting which segment to be renumbered. Enter a pre-defined segment and then click Select. Click Finish To change the point numbering options: Select Tools Model Options Edit . The Edit Model Options dialog appears. For the Default point name format, select either Alphanumeric or Numeric. NOTE : Alphanumeric is automatically by segment name (e.g. A00, A01, etc. for Segment A). This can be easier to identify different parts of the model later. Select the Replace all point names on renumber option if you want manually entered point names (e.g. PS01) to be renumbered as well. Click OK HINT : Use renumbering when lots of intermediate points are inserted into the model so numbering becomes sequential again.   Utilizing the Move / Stretch Command  New user are not aware of the power the come from the various Edit drop down listing, Like the ability to create a whole new pipe line adjacent to the existing one without having to insert each node point. see the following Link: Move / Stretch Command   Inserting a new pipe segment based on another node point int he model Insert a segment offset from any point or Origin, useful for building new branch pipeline or another pipe on a rack. Insert Segment, DX = 2, B00 offset from point A13 Insert Run DX = 4 Insert Run, 3 points @ 4' spacing     Easy to understand Component Symbols   Rendered Support Graphics Show Realistic Support Arrangements to Clients, Contractors or CAD Designers.   Scale of Componnets If you wish to change the scale of supports or other components for proffered viewing, you can do so from the View Settings dialog. Tee Types Quickly check Tee Types on the plot using the Show Tee button. Viewports Switch between Single / Double or Quad viewports to easily work in a view which is convenient then switch back to single view. Viewports are available for editing the model AND viewing results e.g. code stresses in plan, iso and elevation views as below: Viewports are saved even when a model is closed and then re-opened.   Node Numbering: Alphanumeric node numbering by segments - easy to identify which nodes relate to which parts / line numbers of the model. Adjust automatic numbering with Tools Model Options Edit "Default point name format", "Default point name offset", and/or "Replace all point names on renumber" command options.   Undo / Redo command Pipe Stress Work involves lots of Iterations, 99 levels of Undo / Redo are available at all times in AutoPIPE such that different support configurations can be tried and if stresses or equipment loads are worse then can easily revert back to some previous state. However, in other applications (i.e. Caesar) undo/redo is always lost when exit the INPUT module.   Distance Calculator as a Productive Tool Use the graphical distance calculator to check distances and clearances between pipe to pipe or pipe to structure. Select Tools Distance or click the distance icon on the View toolbar. Point and Click the TO and the From point. You don't have to enter the point name. The DX, DY, and DZ offsets as well as the straight-line distance are displayed in the status bar: HINT : The DX, DY, or DZ offsets can be read or copy/pasted to Excel or text file   Graphical Point Editing Caesar users are used to looking at the model, then reading and entering the point name. In AutoPIPE like CAD use point and click, point names are automatically taken care of. Productivity Example - Add a Support AutoPIPE Caesar Click on the Support Point Select Support Type (Friction & Gaps) Look at the Graphic Plot & Read Point Name Go to the data sheet Click on the Restraint Option Enter the Point Name Select Support Type (Friction & Gaps) 2 way gaps permitted all supports Guide - Both Horiz. + Vertical Only 1 gap permitted 2 supports required for Guide + Y Comprehensive Automatic Code Combinations VCR buttons allow fast navigation to sorted multiple maximum stresses across multiple stress categories including maximum sustained stress, thermal range and all occasional stress combinations which Caesar does not calculate automatically. Code Combination Comparison AutoPIPE Stress Plot Caesar Stress Plot Thermal case 1 to 4 What stress case is Row 18-21? AutoPIPE Benefits: Clear Stress Plots Automatically Sorted Max Stress for all combinations Click & Point for all Results Automatic Thermal ranging & occasional stress combinations   Default Model Settings When starting a new model, AutoPIPE CAE development team has predetermined a set of default settings that may be OK for some user but not for all. However, you may find that in every model that you are constantly updating the same settings for every model. Wouldn't it be nice if the program could save some default settings for when a new model is started. Well it can using the following commands: 1. Tools Model Options Save defaults command. Help Contents Search Tab enter "Save Defaults" (include the quotes), press List Topics button, double click on the selected topic from the list provided to see more information. From online help: "Options which are saved in the defaults file (AUTOPIPE.DFL) include the General, Edit, and Results Tools/Model Options dialogs" 2. Tools settings Support Using these commands will save time adjusting settings when a new model is created. However, there is another option, create a AutoPIPE template model file similar to what  most people do when using MS Word. To do this, first stat by creating a master folder for a project, create a new model, adjust all the model settings, create analysis sets, create combinations, insert commonly used pipe properties, insert soil properties etc... When completed, save the model using File Model Management Save Archive, with all options enabled (checked ON). This APC file is now your AutoPIPE start Template file.   When a new model needs to be created, copy the *.APC file from the project file to a new folder, Start AutoPIPE, select File Model Management Open Archive, select the APC file in the correct folder location, BAM!!! all the setting, pipe properties, etc.. are all ready, saving loads of time entering the same values and increasing accuracy of data entered (less human error entering data) .  Create as many template files as required for different projects. Note: AutoPIPE V8i 9.5 and higher can import model Combinations from another model. See online help for more details on this feature.     Understanding all the Model Option Settings This is IMPORTANT!!! AutoPIPE has a series of model settings that would aid in creation of a model, define the basic (control) parameters used for describing the piping model, user preferences, etc... Each of the listed items below can significantly change the program's interface and the program's output results. The user is urged to review the online help for all of these settings in each section to understand their behavior and affects in AutoPIPE. The following menu options are provided under Tools Model Options: General Model Options Digits after decimal for coordinates Default point name format Default point name offset Replace all point names on renumber Use feet-inches display format Mass points per span Cutoff frequency Use corroded thickness in all analyses Suppress analysis warning prompts Ignore flange effect on bend stiffness Distance L/D from flange/valve to bend Include Bourdon rotational effect Pipe radius for Bourdon calculation Coincident Node Tolerance (0-no check) Levels of Undo Rigid stiffness factor Flange bolt/nut weight factor Support Rigid Stiffness - Translation & Rotation Anchor Rigid Stiffness - Translation & Rotation Model Description GUID Model Edit Options Digits after decimal for coordinates Default point name format Default point name offset Replace all point names on renumber Use feet-inches display format Mass points per span Cutoff frequency Use corroded thickness in all analyses Suppress analysis warning prompts Ignore flange effect on bend stiffness Distance L/D from flange/valve to bend Include Bourdon rotational effect Pipe radius for Bourdon calculation Coincident Node Tolerance (0-no check) Levels of Undo Rigid stiffness factor Flange bolt/nut weight factor Support Rigid Stiffness - Translation & Rotation Anchor Rigid Stiffness - Translation & Rotation Buried Pipe Result Model Options Circ. wall bending stress calculation method Soil input parameters set to be used for calculations Add Circ. Bending stress to Sustained Use min(Sh-SL, Sh-f) as sustained margin Ring Bucking allowable safety factor ASCE 2001 Display circ. wall bending & ring buckling in code compliance Thermal case used for seismic wave propagation load SAM case combined with seismic wave propagation Seismic + thermal allowable factor Display seismic + thermal combinations in code compliance Building settlement load case Display building settlement category in code compliance Model Result Options Format (Node/Combin) Force (Global/Local) Include axial force Overwrite output file Use nominal thickness Use nom. thk. for Hoop Set SUS SIF =1 no bends Single SIF at point Set Sus/Occ SIF = 1 Set Sus/Occ = 0.75i Include torsion Single SIF at tees Apply all K-factors Include results desc Include bend ovaling Include hoop bending Direct Shear (N/R/A) Total stress(Oct/Max) Apply modulus ratio Apply tee summation Sustain Margin (Y/N/E ) Use min. sustained margin Long. Pressure (P/A/M/N) Digits after decimal Displacement Scale Range reduction factor Weld efficiency factor Y Factor Design factor F Temperature derating factor Design Pressure factor Minimum Stress Ratio Hoop safety factor Long. safety factor Shear allowable factor Total allowable factor Interm. stress points No. of thermal ranges Include Max Range comb Use code case 178 Include Axial,Pcase in Sustained Use Alt Occ Allowable Apply circ w factor Use theoretical Sec Mod Show rigid tee stress Additional Fields for B31.3 2010 edition. Set Occasional SIF=0.75i Additional Fields for B31.4 Offshore and B31.8 Offshore. Hoop Design Factor - F1 Long. Design Factor - F2 Combined Dsgn Factor - F3 Additional Fields for CSA-Z662 Offshore. Func. Design Factor - F1 Func+Env Dsgn Factor - F2 Additional Fields for SNiP 2.05.06-85 Oil & Gas. Use Axial in Hoop Allow Additional Fields for EN13480 European code. Use min(f;fcr) for Hoop Additional Fields for ISO 14692 Set Hoop SIF = 1 (bends) Sustained Factor-f2 Sus.+Thermal Factor-f2 Occasional Factor-f2 Save Defaults         See Also Bentley AutoPIPE External Links Bentley Technical Support KnowledgeBase Bentley LEARN Server Comments or Corrections? Bentley's Technical Support Group requests that you please submit any comments you have on this Wiki article to the "Comments" area below. THANK YOU!

Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE, Version(s): 2004, XM, & V8i Environment: N/A Area: Loads Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group The Load Hydrotest command enables the user to define the hydrotest conditions of a piping system. A hydrotest is a common method for testing the integrity of a piping system before it is put into service. In this test, the piping system is filled with pressurized water and checked for leakage, etc. The Hydrotest option permits a simulation of this scenario. Please note that the AutoPIPE Hydrotest option automatically converts all spring hangers into rigid supports to simulate the holding pin which is still in the spring hanger during the hydrotest. Comments, Questions, and Answers Item #1: Why are my V-stops not allowing lateral movement during a Hydrotest load case? Answer: From AutoPIPE online help: A non-linear static analysis cannot be performed on the hydrotest load case i.e. friction, support gaps and soil yielding are ignored. Item #2: Is there a method to perform a Hydrotest as a non-linear analysis? Answer: The following method overcomes the hydrotest load limitation in AutoPIPE (which cannot account for nonlinear gaps, friction and soil in the static analysis). Please see the following AutoPIPE help section: Help Contents Search Tab enter "Hydrotest Non-linear Method" (include the quotes), press List Topics button, double click on the selected topic from the list provided to see more information.    Item #3: Why does the Hydrotest case show an Allowable K Factor of 0.9? Answer:   Please see the following AutoPIPE help section: Help Contents Search Tab enter "Hydrotest Loads" (include the quotes), press List Topics button, double click on the selected topic from the list provided to see more information.       See Also Bentley AutoPIPE External Links Bentley Technical Support KnowledgeBase Bentley LEARN Server Comments or Corrections? Bentley's Technical Support Group requests that you please submit any comments you have on this Wiki article to the "Comments" area below. THANK YOU!

Hello,  Is AutoPIPE a right tool to model and calculate pipeline lowering in trench procedure? Thank you, Nassir

Applies To Product(s): AutoPIPE, Version(s): 2004, XM, & V8i Environment: N/A Area: report Subarea: Original Author: Bentley Technical Support Group Comments,  Questions, and Answers for Support sub-report using Results Output Report in AutoPIPE Item #1, Question What is the difference between the support and the restraint output reports? There seems to be some overlap.  Answer: For last 21 years  AutoPIPE has had a Support and Restraint output report (yes there is some overlap), The Restraint report is the piping loads on supports and Anchors shown in Global axis system  where as the Support forces report shows only piping loads on Supports but includes both local and global force/moments and displacements. Note, there is only support report on the StressISO which finds maximum loads from whichever non-code combination(s) is selected. Item #2, Question Why are membrane stresses from pipe supports not included in AutoPIPE? Background In addition to the general large scale pipe stresses calculated in AutoPIPE. there are local pipe membrane stresses produced by pipe supports acting on the pipe wall. The transfer of load from the pipe support surface to the pipe wall over a given contact area may produce substantial membrane stresses. Another example is restraint of the thermal and internal pressure radial expansion. A pipe expanding within a full encirclement clamp support may again lead to substantial membrane stresses. Membrane stresses are a largely influenced by support type, support stiffness, and contact area. There is general lack of knowledge about membrane stresses that occur at supports within the pipe stress industry. Answer: In plane and out of plane membrane stresses may occur at a pipe support due to normal bearing action or due to friction between the pipe and support. A centerline model created using beam bending elements is not able to capture these effects. Hence, membrane stresses are not included in AutoPIPE centerline models. The effects of these membrane stresses may not be significant in small bore pipelines (D/t 100) which is the normal range of application of majority of piping codes. For large bore pipelines (D/t 100), these stresses can be significant and may lead to an un-conservative estimation of total stresses if they are not considered using FEA or Roark's formula. Hence, it is important to account for these stresses using special methods like FEA or Roark's formula. We plan to address this in future release of AutoPIPE by including ability to model local membrane effects using shell elements. User defined stress concentration factors may be used to model these effects in AutoPIPE which could give a close approximation to refined FEA analysis.   We appreciate your suggestion and will consider adding a note or warning in our product documentation. By user defined stress concentration factors we meant Insert/Extra Data/ Joint Type and user SIF. This issue has been logged as a new enhancement, TFS-72841: Include an ability to model local membrane effects using shell elements for pipe supports, to be added to a future version of the application. Item #3, Question When reviewing the results of a guide support with gap in the horizontal (global X-dir) and vertical (global Z-dir) set to 0.00 inches during a non-linear analysis, noticed that the support was moving with the pipe. Deflected shape for T1 load case: How can this be happening? How to fix it? Answer: When reviewing Tools Model Input listing, Extended Component sub report, the following was found in multiple PipeID's in the model : "NaN" Note: Something has happen to this model and the results should not be trusted while "NAN" can be found in a complete output report with all applicable sub-reports checked ON or while searching a complete model input listing report.  If you encounter this issue, please try to write down exactly how this was accomplished or provide as much model history as possible (created in what version, how was the model created, import , copy clip, what cands were in use, etc..) then create a Bentley Service Request , and send the details with your model APC file (File model management Save Archive *.APC) for review.  Avoidance: there are 2 solutions to fixing this issue: Option #1: a. Open the model in AutoPIPE b. Select the Pipe Property Tab from the Input grid c. Scroll to the the right on this tab until the " Pipe material " column can be seen. d. Change the material from the original setting to another selected material in the library for each PipeID in the model e. Change the pipe material back to the original setting for each PipeID in the model. f. Perform an analysis, search both a complete output and model listing report for NAN.   Option #2: a. Open the model in AutoPIPE b. Select the Pipe Property Tab from the Input grid c. Scroll to the the right on this tab until the "Cladding Density"  column can be seen. d. Change the density value from the original setting to another value for each PipeID in the model e. Change the density value back to the original setting for each PipeID in the model. f. Perform an analysis, search both a complete output and model listing report for NAN.   After performing the above avoidance, both the results and deflected shape are corrected.: The CAE development team is reviewing  the program in hopes of preventing this in future versions of the program (AutoPIPE V8i 09.06.01.xx and higher).   See Also Bentley AutoPIPE External Links Bentley Technical Support KnowledgeBase Bentley LEARN Server Comments or Corrections? Bentley's Technical Support Group requests that you please submit any comments you have on this Wiki article to the "Comments" area below. THANK YOU!